What Is TMJ?
TMJ is a common abbreviation that stands for the temporomandibular joints. These joints connect the mandible (lower jaw) to the skull. They are complex joints with multiple motions, allowing the mandible to move from side to side, up and down, forward and back.
When these joints work well, patients can chew, talk, eat, and relax without issues. When the temporomandibular joints become inflamed or misaligned, painful symptoms follow.
Causes and Risk Factors of TMJ Disorder
Jaw injuries frequently cause TMJ disorder. Arthritis is another frequent culprit, as are genetic conditions. However, many cases of TMJ do not have a clear cause. Other factors that could raise your risk level for TMJ include:
- Bruxism (teeth grinding): While many patients who habitually grind or clench their teeth develop TMJ, others do not.
- Arthritis: Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis frequently impact the temporomandibular joints.
- Certain connective tissue disorders like lupus
Signs You Need TMJ Treatment
- Jaw muscle pain
- Stiffness in the jaw muscles
- Jaw locking or limited movement
- Ear pain and pressure
- Neck and shoulder pain
- Chronic headaches
- Dizziness
- Ringing in the ears (tinnitus)
- Grating sound in the jaw joint when closing or opening the mouth, especially if accompanied by pain